Religion Heilkunst Toba-Batak auf Sumatra: Überliefert von 1874-1958 (InterCultura - Missions- kulturgeschichtliche Forschungen )
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Johannes Winkler was born on March 20th in 1874 as the sixth of twelve children in Uichteritz near Weißenfels/Saale, where his father was in charge of a rectory. After initial home schooling he obtained his further school education in a public and grammar school of Mühlhausen and finished it with the final school leaving examination. Winklers wish to become a missionary physician grew in his last two years at school. He was familiar with the 'Rheinische Missionsgesellschaft' (RMG, Rhenish mission society) through his father, who was a friend of August Schreiber, the director of the RMG at that time and himself father of the founder of the missionary hospital in Pearadia in 1900. In April 1893 Winkler started his medical studies in Halle, which he continued in Marburg/Lahn since 1895. He passed his medical state examination in 1898. Subsequently he applied for a job as a missionary physician at the RMG. Since it was not possible to obtain such an apprenticeship in Germany due to missing institutions at that time, the RMG sent him to Edinburgh for skill enhancement, where a medical mission society (EMMS - Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society) was already founded in 1841. After three and a half months of sojourn time he travelled to London, where he participated in the first vocational training in tropical medicine in the new created London School of Tropical Medicine. On February 2nd in 1900 the RMG deputation chose Winkler for the missionary physician work on the island Nias (near the western coast of Sumatra). But first he needed to graduate in the Netherlands, so he took the exam on July 26th in 1901 at the University of Utrecht. In September 1901 Winkler was finally appointed missionary physician in Sumatra by the RMG. He started on January 1st in 1902 in the recently founded hospital of the missionary station in Pearadia at the plateau of Silindung valley. Winklers book 'Die Toba-Batak auf Sumatra in gesunden und kranken Tagen' (the Toba-Batak in Sumatra in healthy and diseased days) - containing traditional religious concepts and medical knowledge of the Toba-Batak in the North of Sumatra - is still a great repository for ethnologists, comparative religious researchers, and mission historians. Since many years this book is only available in some specialized libraries and sporadic in antique shops. The editor, a granddaughter of Winkler, revised, supplemented and enhanced the present study with hitherto unpublished parts of the original manuscript. Furthermore, she compiled a highly informative biography of his grandfather and his family, containing many private details of his life. The appendix includes some short texts Winkler had written for professional journals, and an index of all his published books and articles as well as the handwritten manuscripts, which are still in his estate. Johannes Winkler wurde als sechstes von zwölf Kindern am 20. März 1874 in Uichteritz bei Weißenfels A.d. Saale geboren, wo sein Vater das Pfarramt inne hatte. Nach anfänglichem Hausunterricht erhielt Johannes die weitere Schulausbildung in der Bürgerschule und am Gymnasium von Mühlhausen, das er 1893 mit dem Abitur abschloss. Johannes Winklers Wunsch, Missionsarzt zu werden, reifte in den letzten beiden Schuljahren. Die Nähe zur Rheinischen Missionsgesellschaft (RMG) war ihm durch den Vater vertraut, der mit dem damaligen Direktor August Schreiber befreundet war, dessen Sohn Julius im Jahre 1900 das Missionshospital in Pearadja gründete. Im April 1893 begann Johannes Winkler das Medizinstudium in Halle, das er ab 1895 in Marburg/Lahn fortführte und im Jahre 1898 mit dem Staatsexamen abschloss. Im Anschluss daran bewarb er sich bei der RMG als Missionsarzt. Da in Deutschland eine Ausbildung zum Missionsarzt wegen fehlender Einrichtungen zu diesem Zeitpunkt nicht möglich war, wurde Winkler von der RMG zur Fortbildung nach Edinburgh geschickt, wo schon 1841 eine ärztliche Missionsgesellschaft (EMMS - Edinburgh Medical Missionary Soci.

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